Short-answer
- What is the self?
- How has psychological theory about the self changed over time?
- Distinguish between self-esteem, self-concept and
self-efficacy.
- What is actual self? What is ideal self?
- What is the evolutionary explanation for self-bias?
- What is social comparison?
- What is the difference between someone who is a low
self-monitor versus a high self-monitor?
- Is more self-esteem good? Explain.
- What is self-discrepancy theory? (Hint: involves ideal, ought,
and actual self)
- What's your view about the extent to which your sense of self
is socially constructed and why?
Multiple choice
Dissonance between attitudes and behaviour can be reduced by:
a. changing your attitude to match the behaviour
b. changing your behaviour to match the attitude
c. reducing your perceived choice with respect to the behaviour
d. rationalising the dissonant behaviour
e. all of the above
Your football team has just lost the grand final. You go home
feeling like a loser. Which theory best explains what has happened?
a. self-perception theory
b. self-schema theory
c. social identity theory
d. self-discrepancy theory
e. self-awareness theory
You describe yourself as warm, intelligent and reliable. These are
aspects of your:
a. self-concept
b. self-process
c. looking-glass self
d. self-esteem
e. social identity
According to self-perception theory:
a. people learn a lot about themselves from others
b. vanity of the self prevents true insight
c. the more you introspect the less you learn about yourself
d. people acquire knowledge about themselves by inspecting their own
behaviour
The fact that information about the self is more readily processed
and remembered than other information is called the:
a. self-efficacy effect
b. self-consciousness effect
c. self-monitoring effect
d. self-focusing effect
e. self-reference effect
According to Higgins (1987), it is by comparing actual self with
‘ideal’ self, and actual self with ‘ought’ self, that:
a. self-realisation is brought about
b. inner self is revealed
c. one’s public and private selves can be reconciled
d. personal and social identities can be reconciled
e. self-discrepancies are revealed
Low self-monitors tend to:
a. adjust their performance to create a desired impression on
others.
b. engage in self-presentation strategies.
c. behave consistently across different situations.
d. change their behaviour in response to external cues.
e. none of the above.
According to Gordon Allport, ________ traits are dominant traits,
but that _______ traits also make up an important part of our self-concept:
a. self-referent; self-relevant
b. schematic; aschematic
c. central; cardinal
d. all of the above
e. none of the above